Step 1: Check the hard disk partition

sudo df -h

So, I have a hard drive named /dev/sda with a capacity of 20G

Step 2: Identify the Disk

Use the lsblk command or sudo fdisk -l to list all disks and partitions. Find the disk or partition you want to mount. It will look like /dev/sda1, /dev/sdb, etc.

sudo fdisk -l

Here, I have a disk named /dev/sdb with a capacity of 480G

Step 3: Create a new partition

Use the cfdisk command to create a new partition on the disk /dev/sdb

sudo cfdisk /dev/sdb

Choose “New” to create a new partition

Enter the amount of capacity needed to create a new partition, here I choose 480G

Choose “Write” to save

Enter yes to confirm

Then choose “Quit” to exit

Check again with the fdisk -l command

So, I have successfully created a new partition named /dev/sdb1

Step 4: Create a Physical Volume

Use the pvcreate command to create a physical volume

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Check again with the pvdisplay command

So, I have successfully created a physical volume named /dev/sdb1

Step 5: Create a mount point

Choose a directory to mount, here I choose /dev/sdb1

mkdir /mnt/data
mkdir /mnt/data/soft

Step 6: Check the Volume Group (VG)

Use the vgdisplay command to check the Volume Group

sudo vgdisplay

Here, I see there is a Volume Group named ubuntu-vg with a size of 20G, and sdb1 has not been mounted yet, I use the vgdisplay /dev/sdb1 command to check

vgdisplay /dev/sdb1

As we can see, /dev/sdb1 has not been mounted to any Volume Group yet, next we will create a new Volume Group

sudo vgcreate soft-vg /dev/sdb1

So, I have successfully created a new Volume Group named soft-vg, use the vgdisplay command to check again

sudo vgdisplay

So, I have successfully created a new Volume Group named soft-vg and have mounted it to /dev/sdb1

Step 4: Create a Physical Volume

Use the pvcreate command to create a physical volume

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Check again with the pvdisplay command

So, I have successfully created a physical volume named /dev/sdb1

Step 5: Create a mount point

Choose a directory to mount, here I choose /dev/sdb1

mkdir /mnt/data
mkdir /mnt/data/soft

Step 6: Check the Volume Group (VG)

Use the vgdisplay command to check the Volume Group

sudo vgdisplay

Here, I see there is a Volume Group named ubuntu-vg with a size of 20G, and sdb1 has not been mounted yet, I use the vgdisplay /dev/sdb1 command to check

vgdisplay /dev/sdb1

As we can see, /dev/sdb1 has not been mounted to any Volume Group yet, next we will create a new Volume Group

sudo vgcreate soft-vg /dev/sdb1

So, I have successfully created a new Volume Group named soft-vg, use the vgdisplay command to check again

sudo vgdisplay

So, I have successfully created a new Volume Group named soft-vg and have mounted it to /dev/sdb1

Step 7: Create a Logical Volume (LV)

Use the lvcreate command to create a Logical Volume

sudo lvcreate -n soft-lv -l 100%FREE soft-vg

So, I have successfully created a new Logical Volume named soft-lv and have mounted it to the Volume Group soft-vg, check again with the lvdisplay command

sudo lvdisplay

Step 8: Create a File System

Use the mkfs.ext4 command to create a file system

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/soft-vg/soft-lv

Step 9: Mount the Logical Volume

Use the mount command to mount the Logical Volume

sudo mount /dev/soft-vg/soft-lv /mnt/data

Check again with the df -h command

df -h

So, I have successfully mounted the Logical Volume soft-lv to /mnt/data

Step 10: Automatically mount the Logical Volume when booting

Use the blkid command to get the UUID of the Logical Volume

sudo blkid

Then add it to the /etc/fstab file

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add the following line

UUID=e32fee80-371a-4c92-899a-c004d1d79060 /mnt/data ext4 defaults 0 2

So, I have successfully configured it, reboot the machine with the sudo reboot command and check again with the df -h command

df -h